{"id":765,"date":"2025-05-01T12:37:40","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T12:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omegachems.site\/?p=765"},"modified":"2025-09-04T12:38:13","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T12:38:13","slug":"pharma-sector-jolted-by-unpredictable-us-tariffs-policy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/omegachems.site\/cs\/pharma-sector-jolted-by-unpredictable-us-tariffs-policy\/","title":{"rendered":"Farmaceutick\u00fdm sektorem ot\u0159\u00e1sla nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1 politika cel USA"},"content":{"rendered":"
\r\n

Pharma sector jolted by unpredictable US tariffs policy<\/h1>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Since taking office, President Donald Trump has deployed tariffs as a central tool of US foreign and trade policy. The simplistic rationale for setting initial tariff rates confounded trading partners, and subsequent gyrations and legal challenges around the tariffs have continued to unsettle firms and governments alike.<\/p>\r\n

In July, President Trump threatened a 200% tariff on pharmaceutical imports similar to the blanket tariffs the US imposed on steel and aluminium. That has yet to arrive, but its looming threat and the uncertainty created by tariffs\u2019 erratic implementation are already having an impact on trade and investment in the sector. Numerous firms have announced new US investments, but there are also signs that many are taking a wait and see approach before making investment decisions, having initially tried to front load exports to the US.<\/p>\r\n

Tariff threat triggers exports<\/h3>\r\n

Irish pharmaceutical exports have already surged this year. \u2018Since January, even since March, when the tariff threat came into view, there has been quite an increase in exports to the US ,\u2019 says Eimear O\u2019Leary, director of communications at the\u00a0Irish Pharmaceutical Healthcare Association<\/a>\u00a0(IPHA), which counts Pfizer, GSK, Novartis, Amgen, J&J and Bristol-Myers Squibb among its members. Official statistics show exports of medical and pharmaceutical products to the US rose 153% to \u20ac70.8 billion (\u00a361.3 billion) for January to May compared to the same period last year.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n

Tariffs are bad for economic growth because they raise prices and they raise the cost of production<\/p>\r\n

Steven Durlauf, University of Chicago<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n

While pharmaceutical tariffs had been set at zero, pharma companies made significant capital investments in European hubs such as in Ireland, Belgium, Denmark and Switzerland. Ireland in particular has focused on attracting foreign direct investment in pharmaceuticals for decades, with a surge of investment in recent years. \u2018The capital investment gone into the ground in Ireland over the last 10 years has been \u20ac15 billion, conservatively, a lot into larger molecule facilities,\u2019 says Matt Moran, a pharma consultant in Ireland and former director of the trade association\u00a0BioPharmaChem Ireland<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

\u2018The figures for 2024 were roughly \u20ac100 billion of pharmaceuticals exported from Ireland, of which \u20ac44 billion went into the United States,\u2019 adds O\u2019Leary. In that context, the industry was watching closely when the European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen met Trump in Scotland on 27 July and announced\u00a0an agreement<\/a>\u00a0in which the US imposed a 15% tariff on most EU goods,\u00a0including pharmaceuticals<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n

\"Ursula<\/p>\r\n

\r\n

Source: \u00a9 Andrew Harnik\/Getty Images<\/cite><\/p>\r\n

Ursula von der Leyen (left) met with Donald Trump in July to announce a US\u2013EU trade deal that puts a 15% tariff on pharmaceutical products imported to the US from the bloc<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

This is a broad framework agreement \u2013 detailed trade agreements typically takes years to negotiate. The UK and US announced a similar \u2018economic prosperity deal\u2019 in May, with the White House in June noting a commitment to negotiate a preferential agreement on pharmaceuticals, provided the UK complies with \u2018certain supply chain security standards\u2019.<\/p>\r\n

However, these agreements are clouded by\u00a0an investigation<\/a>\u00a0of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical ingredients that is being conducted by the Trump administration under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The outcome of the investigation is not yet known but the Act empowers the president to impose tariffs on goods deemed essential for national security.<\/p>\r\n

The situation was complicated further on 29 August when a federal court ruled that the current US across-the-board tariffs are illegal. The court rejected the Trump administration\u2019s argument that the president had authority to implement the tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. The tariffs will remain in place until mid-October, to allow time for an appeal to the Supreme Court. A final ruling on their legality could be many months away.<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/div>\r\n

A 15% tariff might be acceptable to the EU, but the enormous uncertainty and unpredictability in the US tariffs policy is causing more problems for the sector. \u2018The big risk is the somewhat capricious nature of tariff-setting policy in the US. The 15% rate for the EU could be revisited,\u2019 says John McHale, an economist at the University of Galway in Ireland.<\/p>\r\n

Bringing back US pharma manufacturing\u00a0<\/h3>\r\n

The US tariffs are intended to reduce the country\u2019s trade deficits in goods and to push industries such as pharmaceuticals to bring more of their manufacturing into the US. A string of announcements this year of big US investments from pharma firms seems to suggest that latter tactic is working. This included AstraZeneca\u00a0pledging $50 billion by 2030<\/a>, with the promise of creating tens of thousands of highly skilled jobs. Part of this is a $3.5 billion manufacturing facility in Virginia, which was\u00a0announced\u00a0<\/a>last November.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Meanwhile, Eli Lilly\u00a0announced<\/a>\u00a0in February that it is to double its US manufacturing investment to above $50 billion since 2020, with four facilities, three of which will make active pharmaceutical ingredients for small molecule drugs. In March, Johnson & Johnson\u00a0said it would invest more than $55 billion<\/a>\u00a0into the US over the next four years. In April, Roche\u00a0pledged<\/a>\u00a0to invest $50 billion in the US over the next five years, including new manufacturing plants in Indiana, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and California. Novartis\u00a0said<\/a>\u00a0it would pump $23 billion into 10 facilities in the US, including seven brand new projects.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n

There\u2019s a big difference between companies making announcements and really changing their underlying strategy<\/p>\r\n

John McHale, University of Galway<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n

However, there is some scepticism around whether these pledges will bear fruit. \u2018There\u2019s a big difference between companies making announcements and really changing their underlying strategy,\u2019 says McHale. Others say tariffs could bring manufacturing back to the US only in certain areas. \u2018You may see some reshoring of manufacturing in high-tech equipment and even some of the higher value chemical and pharmaceutical sectors to avoid tariffs,\u2019 says\u00a0Keith Maskus<\/a>, an international trade specialist at the University of Boulder, Colorado, and formerly a chief economist at the US State Department, though he warns this may not lead to any boost in jobs. \u2018If you are a US producer facing higher tariffs and higher costs, you\u2019re probably better off investing in automation,\u2019 says Maskus.<\/p>\r\n

\r\n

There could be disruptions to supply chains globally \u2026 there could be disruption of ingredient exports from Ireland to US medicines<\/p>\r\n

Eimear O\u2019Leary,\u00a0Irish Pharmaceutical Healthcare Association<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n

And tariffs alone aren\u2019t the only consideration in choosing where to invest. Industry representatives note that Ireland has been attractive to biopharma thanks to its favourable tax regime, consistent government policy, strong regulatory compliance, an educated English-speaking workforce and access to the EU market. \u2018It\u2019s not that pharma can up sticks in the short term and move their manufacturing facilities quickly,\u2019 says McHale.<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/div>\r\n

Bringing new facilities on line is also a lengthy process. \u2018You need to build it, qualify it and validate it. You\u2019re ready to go to market in four to five years,\u2019 says Moran. \u2018You could possibly shortcut it, but short cutting and pharmaceuticals don\u2019t go together well.\u2019<\/p>\r\n

Uncertainty creates concern for producers<\/h3>\r\n

The potential consequences of tariffs have sparked worries in Ireland and elsewhere. The IPHA is inundated with calls each time the US side talks about tariffs, says O\u2019Leary. \u2018The level of uncertainty is a cause for concern,\u2019 she adds. \u2018There could be disruptions to supply chains globally \u2026 there could be disruption of ingredient exports from Ireland to US medicines.\u2019 Moran reckons the tariff ructions have probably frozen new investment decisions in Ireland, though the industry will continue ongoing projects.<\/p>\r\n

Other key players in global pharma manufacturing are also nervous. On 2 April, Trump introduced a 27% rate on imports from India, which then increased to a 50% tariff on certain goods from 30 August as a punitive response to India buying Russian oil. Pharmaceuticals and petroleum products have so far been excluded, but if that changes the consequences could be severe. India is the world leader in manufacturing pharmaceutical active ingredients and supplies large volumes of generic medicines to the US \u2013 around one-third of the country\u2019s exports. \u2018A big question would be whether Indian producers can find other export markets for what are essentially generic products,\u2019 says Maskus.<\/p>\r\n

Yet such tariffs would hurt the US too, says\u00a0Steven Durlauf<\/a>, an economics professor at the University of Chicago. It\u2019s harder to profitably shift the generics industry to the US \u2013 the country already experiences\u00a0shortages<\/a>\u00a0in some low-cost, off-patent medicines \u2013 and while the market may accept price rises for patented medications, there is usually far less room to push up prices for low-cost generics with their lower margins. Recent data indicates that the US imported over\u00a0$12 billion in pharmaceutical products<\/a>\u00a0from India in 2024, with the country being the largest contributor to the US generics market, accounting for\u00a0almost half<\/a>\u00a0of all generic prescriptions in the US in some years.<\/p>\r\n

Firms hope to negotiate exceptions<\/h3>\r\n

The picture has been further complicated by sectors and even companies negotiating specific exceptions. Market analysts were taken aback by the announcement that Nvidia and AMD can export certain types of microchips to China if they pay the US government 15% of revenues, for example.<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/div>\r\n

This might explain why many industries are not publicly complaining about tariffs. \u2018There\u2019s a long line of American producers and manufacturers \u2026 who are waiting to get into the White House and talk to the president,\u2019 says Maskus. \u2018Keep your head down and see what you can achieve that way.\u2019<\/p>\r\n

Whether tariffs remain,\u00a0many\u00a0economists predict that the\u00a0uncertainty will be bad for the US and the global economy, which could ultimately affect votes. \u2018Tariffs are bad for economic growth because they raise prices and they raise the cost of production [in the US],\u2019 says Durlauf. \u2018They\u2019ve been implemented in an extremely erratic fashion and uncertainty is the enemy of economic prosperity.\u2019 If the US experiences slow growth and higher inflation, Congress could flip to the Democrats in the midterm elections in 2026, creating pressure to change course on tariffs.<\/p>\r\n

Despite the fanfare around new investments in the US, the large uncertainties around the long-term US trade policy mean many firms may be tempted to wait and see, rather than gamble that the US will stick with its high tariff regime.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pharma sector jolted by unpredictable US tariffs policy Since taking office, President Donald Trump has deployed tariffs as a central tool of US foreign and trade policy. The simplistic rationale for setting initial tariff rates confounded trading partners, and subsequent gyrations and legal challenges around the tariffs have continued to unsettle firms and governments alike. […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":704,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nPharma sector jolted by unpredictable US tariffs policy - Omega Chemicals<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/omegachems.site\/cs\/pharma-sector-jolted-by-unpredictable-us-tariffs-policy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pharma sector jolted by unpredictable US tariffs policy - Omega Chemicals\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pharma sector jolted by unpredictable US tariffs policy Since taking office, President Donald Trump has deployed tariffs as a central tool of US foreign and trade policy. 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The simplistic rationale for setting initial tariff rates confounded trading partners, and subsequent gyrations and legal challenges around the tariffs have continued to unsettle firms and governments alike. 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